Techno-Economic Potential of V2B in a Neighborhood, Considering Tariff Models and Battery Cycle Limits
نویسندگان
چکیده
To limit climate change, decarbonization of the transportation sector is necessary. The change from conventional combustion vehicles to with electric drives already taking place. In long term, it can be assumed that a large proportion passenger cars will battery–electric. On one hand, this conversion result in higher energy and power requirements for electricity network; on other also offers potential provide various systems future. Battery–electric used shift grid purchases, optimize operation components increase self-consumption rate photovoltaic systems. An LP model optimal management neighborhood consisting buildings heat demand, PV system, BEV fleet, pump thermal storage was formulated. fleet via V2B investigated, considering tariff models individual charging/discharging efficiencies stochastic mobility profiles. vehicle provides between 4.8kWh−1sqm−1a (flat-fee) 25.3kWh−1sqm−1a (dynamic tariff) per year, corresponding 6.7, 9.5% 35.7% annual demand neighborhood. All lead optimization summer. Dynamic pricing leads arbitrage during winter, price avoids peaks draw. Due charging efficiencies, supplied by distributed unevenly among vehicles, setting limits additional equivalent full cycles distributes more evenly across fleet. affect potential, especially below 20 yearly flat tariffs 80 dynamic tariff.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Energies
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1996-1073']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en16114387